Aaron Anderson or Sanderson (1811 – January 9, 1886) was a Union Navy sailor during the American Civil War and a recipient of America's highest military decoration, the Medal of Honor. He was born in North Carolina and later lived in Pennsylvania where he worked as a cook until he joined the Navy at age 52. He was assigned to the USS Wyandank where he participated in blocking Confederate forces from getting supplies along the Potomac River. Shortly before the war ended he participated in a mission to attack a group of Confederate troops attempting to get supplies. In the process they came under heavy fire which destroyed many of their weapons and severely damaged their boats. For his actions he was presented with the Medal of Honor. A short time later he left at the end of his enlistment and little else is known about him after he left the Navy.