Dominique Gaston André Strauss-Kahn (French pronunciation: [dɔminik stʁos kan]; born 25 April 1949) is a French politician, former managing director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and a controversial figure in the French Socialist Party due to his involvement in several financial and sexual scandals. He is often referred to in the media, and by himself, by his initials DSK. Strauss-Kahn was appointed managing director of the IMF on 28 September 2007, with the backing of his country's conservative president, Nicolas Sarkozy. He served in that capacity until his resignation on 18 May 2011 in the wake of allegations that he had sexually assaulted a hotel maid. Other allegations followed. He was a professor of economics at Paris West University Nanterre La Défense and Sciences Po, and was Minister of Economy and Finance from 1997 to 1999 as part of Lionel Jospin's "Plural Left" government. He sought the nomination in the Socialist Party presidential primary of 2006, but was defeated by Ségolène Royal in November.